org.rexxla.bsf.engines.rexx
Class RexxAndJava

java.lang.Object
  extended byorg.rexxla.bsf.engines.rexx.RexxAndJava

class RexxAndJava
extends java.lang.Object

This class manages the calls from Rexx or Object Rexx into Java. (Any scripting language being able to pass Strings to and from Java will be able to use this interface, making it really easy to interface with Java.)

  RexxAndJava.java - this class relays Java and (Object) Rexx
  Copyright (C) 2001-2005 Rony G. Flatscher

  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

  The following URL may be available for further information:

     http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/lesser.html

Since:
2001-03-01 by Rony G. Flatscher
Version:
2.5.4, 2005-07-30
Author:
Rony G. Flatscher (University of Essen & WU Wien University & University of Augsburg), Proof of concept by Peter Kalender (Oct 2000 to Feb 2001, University of Essen)

Nested Class Summary
(package private)  class RexxAndJava.ExitDelayed
          Class to exit the JVM, will be executed concurrently, sleeps and then calls System.exit(exit_number).
protected  class RexxAndJava.SyncPutGet
          Inner class to implement a Synchronized ReaderWriter, where a read on an empty Vector blocks the read, until a write occurs (with optional timeout).
 
Field Summary
(package private) static boolean bMethodHasSetAccessible
          true if setting accessibility rights is available, false else.
protected static java.lang.String DLL_NAME
          Defines the name of DLL to be used to resolve the native functions.
protected static java.lang.String EVENT_TEXT
          Defines the string to indicate an 'eventText' is passed in: "<eventText>".
protected  RexxAndJava.SyncPutGet eventTextList
          Allows Synchronized access to the vector storing the text sent by the eventListeners.
(package private)  org.apache.bsf.util.type.TypeConvertorRegistry glob_tcr
          To store the default TypeConvertorRegistry, if needed.
(package private)  java.util.Hashtable methodReferences
          Allows storing successfully reflected methods.
(package private)  org.apache.bsf.BSFManager mgr
          Stores the BSF manager.
protected static java.lang.String null4Rexx
          Defines the string which represents null, by default ".NIL".
(package private)  java.util.Hashtable orxReferences
          Stores the number of references from Object Rexx to Java objects using beanName as the key.
(package private)  org.apache.bsf.BSFEngine RexxEngine
          Stores the Rexx engine.
 
Constructor Summary
(package private) RexxAndJava(org.apache.bsf.BSFManager mgr, org.apache.bsf.BSFEngine rengine)
          Constructor to receive and store the BSF manager and the Rexx engine.
 
Method Summary
(package private)  java.lang.Object[] coerceArgs(java.lang.Object[] funcArgs, java.lang.Class[] paramTypes)
          Coerces the arguments from Rexx to the appropriate Java types.
 java.lang.String javaCallBSF(java.lang.String[] args)
          Entry point for Rexx calls into Java.
 int jniInitialize4Rexx()
          rgf, 2003-01-15, used for allowing the BSF4Rexx-DLL to get at *env, *obj and then to mid etc.
 int jniRegisterBSF()
          This native method makes sure that the function 'BSF' is registered with Rexx, making it thereby available to all Rexx and Object Rexx programs, called from Java.
 int jniRexxDidRexxTerminate()
          Deprecated. This native method indicates whether the Object Rexx interpreter is still running or not.
 java.lang.String jniRexxStart(java.lang.String script, java.lang.String[] args)
          This native method Calls the Rexx interpreter, having it execute the passed in script with the given array of arguments.
 int jniRexxWaitForTermination()
          Deprecated. This native method waits for the Object Rexx interpreter to terminate and waits until all of the cleanup (e.g. of Object Rexx) is done.
protected  java.lang.String makeString4Rexx(java.lang.Object o)
          This method determines what String content to return.
(package private)  java.lang.String pp(java.lang.Object o)
          'Pretty print': returns string value of supplied object enclosed in square brackets.
protected  boolean unregisterBean(java.lang.String beanName)
          This method allows for unregistering Beans, taking into account reference counters.
 
Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait
 

Field Detail

DLL_NAME

protected static final java.lang.String DLL_NAME
Defines the name of DLL to be used to resolve the native functions.

See Also:
Constant Field Values

EVENT_TEXT

protected static final java.lang.String EVENT_TEXT
Defines the string to indicate an 'eventText' is passed in: "<eventText>".

See Also:
Constant Field Values

null4Rexx

protected static java.lang.String null4Rexx
Defines the string which represents null, by default ".NIL". Arguments given by Rexx can in addition be indicated to be null by merely omitting them on the Rexx side.


eventTextList

protected RexxAndJava.SyncPutGet eventTextList
Allows Synchronized access to the vector storing the text sent by the eventListeners.


bMethodHasSetAccessible

static boolean bMethodHasSetAccessible
true if setting accessibility rights is available, false else.


mgr

org.apache.bsf.BSFManager mgr
Stores the BSF manager.


RexxEngine

org.apache.bsf.BSFEngine RexxEngine
Stores the Rexx engine.


orxReferences

java.util.Hashtable orxReferences
Stores the number of references from Object Rexx to Java objects using beanName as the key. This way it becomes possible for the Object Rexx implementation using "BSF.cls" to transparently create Object Rexx proxy objects, if objects are returned from Java method invocations and to transparently unregister them, when the Object Rexx proxy objects are garbage collected.


methodReferences

java.util.Hashtable methodReferences
Allows storing successfully reflected methods. If a method is invoked on a bean, it is being retrieved via reflection, a relatively slow process. This Hashtable allows re-usage of method objects for invocation purposes. The format is: "className"+" "+"methodname"+" "+nr_of_method_args, the stored object is a vector of arrays of class-objects representing the needed argument types. (It is possible that there are different signatures for a method, although the number of arguments is the same.) If this is too slow, one could use a different scheme.


glob_tcr

org.apache.bsf.util.type.TypeConvertorRegistry glob_tcr
To store the default TypeConvertorRegistry, if needed.

Constructor Detail

RexxAndJava

RexxAndJava(org.apache.bsf.BSFManager mgr,
            org.apache.bsf.BSFEngine rengine)
Constructor to receive and store the BSF manager and the Rexx engine.

Preregisters the most important class objects. Referring to them is possible by using the following strings from Rexx (case *is* significant!):

Method Detail

jniRegisterBSF

public int jniRegisterBSF()
This native method makes sure that the function 'BSF' is registered with Rexx, making it thereby available to all Rexx and Object Rexx programs, called from Java.


jniRexxStart

public java.lang.String jniRexxStart(java.lang.String script,
                                     java.lang.String[] args)
This native method Calls the Rexx interpreter, having it execute the passed in script with the given array of arguments.

Parameters:
script - a String consisting of Rexx statements separated by by line-end characters (';' or CR-LF).
args - an array of Strings representing the arguments or null, if no arguments are available.
Returns:
a String containing the result or null, if no result is returned or the Rexx interpreter stopped execution due to a runtime error.

jniRexxWaitForTermination

public int jniRexxWaitForTermination()
Deprecated. This native method waits for the Object Rexx interpreter to terminate and waits until all of the cleanup (e.g. of Object Rexx) is done.

Returns:
returns always 0. (Just there to allow future return codes, if necessary.)

jniRexxDidRexxTerminate

public int jniRexxDidRexxTerminate()
Deprecated. This native method indicates whether the Object Rexx interpreter is still running or not.

Returns:
returns always 0. (Just there to allow future return codes, if necessary.)

jniInitialize4Rexx

public int jniInitialize4Rexx()
rgf, 2003-01-15, used for allowing the BSF4Rexx-DLL to get at *env, *obj and then to mid etc.


javaCallBSF

public java.lang.String javaCallBSF(java.lang.String[] args)
                             throws org.apache.bsf.BSFException
Entry point for Rexx calls into Java. This method carries out all the necessary type conversions and finally calls/invokes the indicated Java method.


"typeIndicator": If a call needs to explicitly indicate the type of Rexx arguments meant for invoking a Java method (indicated by a trailing "Strict" in the subfunction name), than the following strings/characters must be used for defining the type of the argument immediately preceding the respective argument (minimum letters needed are uppercased and printed in bold):

TypeIndicator Following Argument is of Type:
"BOolean" "boolean" i.e. the value 0 (false) or 1 (true)
"BYte" "byte" a byte value
"Char" "char" i.e. a single (UTF8) character
"Double" "double" a double value
"Float" "float" a float value
"Int" "int" an integer value
"Long" "long" a long value
"Object" "Object" an Object which must be registered already
"SHort" "short" a short value
"STring" "String" a string value (UTF8)

Hence, for the "...Strict"-subfunctions the Rexx supplied arguments must be given in pairs by Rexx: first the type argument (from the above table) and then the argument itself.


The call syntax from Rexx looks like, e.g.:

    call BSF "SubFunctionName", "argument1", "argument2", "", ...
 or:
    a=BSF("SubFunctionName", "argument1", "argument2", ...)
 

The following BSF methods are made available to Rexx and can therefore be indicated as the first argument (the 'subfunction') to the 'BSF' call from Rexx:

SubFunctionName Argument Description
"addEventListener" Adds an event listener to a bean and defines the eventText to be generated. These generated texts can be retrieved with the function pollEventText.
beanName Mandatory, name of a registered bean which should get monitored.
eventSetName Mandatory, name of the set the event belongs to. This name is used to create an event adapter at runtime.
filter Mandatory, name of the actual event which should cause a notification.
eventText Mandatory, text which should be sent by this event listener, each time the event occurs.
"arrayAt" Allows accessing a Java array element.
Returns the Java object at the indicated array element, or null, if no object is stored there.
arrayObject Mandatory, name of a registered arrayObject (received by Java).
idx1 Mandatory, integer indicating the position in dimension 1.

Alternatively, a sole Java int-array containing the 0-based index-values.

idx2 Integer indicating the position in dimension 2 ...
"arrayLength" Returns the value of the 'length' field of the arrayObject.
arrayObject Mandatory, name of a registered arrayObject (received by Java).
"arrayPut" Allows to put a new value into a Java array element at the indicated position.
arrayObject Mandatory, name of a registered arrayObject (received by Java).
newValue The new value to be set at the indicated position in the array.
idx1 Mandatory, integer indicating the position in dimension 1.

Alternatively, a sole Java int-array containing the 0-based index-values.

...idxn Integer indicating the position in dimension n ...
"arrayPutStrict" Allows to put a new value into a Java array element at the indicated position.
arrayObject Mandatory, name of a registered arrayObject (received by Java).
typeIndicator Type indicator for newValue
newValue The new value to be set at the indicated position in the array.
idx1 Mandatory, integer indicating the position in dimension 1.

Alternatively, a sole Java int-array containing the 0-based index-values.

... idxn Integer indicating the position in dimension n ...
"createArray" Creates a Java array of the given componentType and number of dimensions.
Returns the created Java array object.
componentType Mandatory, name of a registered Java class object. For convenience, you may use any of the pre-registered beans named (note case of first letter!):
"Class.class", "Object.class", "Method.class", "Array.class", "String.class", "System.class", "Boolean.class", "boolean.class" (primitive data type), "Byte.class", "byte.class" (primitive data type), "Character.class", "char.class" (primitive data type), "Double.class", "double.class" (primitive data type), "Integer.class", "int.class" (primitive data type), "Long.class", "long.class" (primitive data type), "Float.class", "float.class" (primitive data type), "Short.class", "short.class" (primitive data type).
capacity 1 Mandatory, integer indicating the number of elements in dimension 1.

Alternatively, a sole Java int-array containing the capacity per dimension. The first dimension is stored with index 0, the second with index 1, ...

capacity 2 Integer indicating the number of elements in dimension 2.
... capacity n Integer indicating the number of elements in dimension n.
"wrapArray" Wraps the given array up in a ArrayWrapper-object, allowing easy access to information about the array like dimensions, size and also getting and setting values in an easy manner.
arrayObject Mandatory, name of a registered arrayObject (received by Java).
"exit" Terminates the Java Virtual Machine. Allows Rexx to shut down the JVM (and thereby Rexx as well). In order for Rexx being able to shutdown properly itself, the termination of the JVM is delayed by time2wait.
Returns the string "SHUTDOWN, REXX !".
retVal Optional integer return value. If omitted, then "0" will be used as argument for the System.exit(n) call.
time2wait Optional number of milliseconds (msecs) to wait until the JVM will be terminated. This allows Rexx to shutdown (clean up) its side as well. Default value, if omitted: 100, i.e. 100 msecs, i.e. 1/10th second.
"getFieldValue" Looks up a public field of the registered object. The case of the characters of the field name does not matter.
Hint: If the field cannot be found, then this subfunction assumes that a getter method (field name prepended by "get") exists for the field and tries to invoke one. If you do not want this behaviour use subfunciton "getFieldValueStrict" instead.
Returns the value of the field.
beanName Mandatory, name of the object to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, name of the public field of the object.
"getFieldValueStrict" Looks up a public field of the registered object. The case of the characters of the field name must match exactly.
Returns the value of the field.
beanName Mandatory, name of the object to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, case sensitive name of the public field of the object.
"getPropertyValue" (untested!) Looks up a property of the registered Java Bean object.
Returns the value of the property.
beanName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean object to be looked up.
propertyName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean property.
index Mandatory, null, if Java Bean property is not indexed, a valid integer number else.
"getStaticValue" Looks up a public static field of the given class or interface. This function does not instantiate the class (would not be possible for abstract classes or interfaces). Case of fieldName is not relevant!
Returns the value of the public static field.
className Mandatory, name of the class, abstract class or interface to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, name of the public static field of the object.
"getStaticValueStrict" Looks up a public static field of the given class or interface. This function does not instantiate the class (would not be possible for abstract classes or interfaces). Case of fieldName is relevant!
Returns the value of the public static field.
className Mandatory, name of the class, abstract class or interface to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, case sensitive name of the public static field of the object.
"invoke" Invokes (calls) the method with the given arguments on the bean.
Hint: if the method could not be found and has no arguments, this subfunction assumes that the value of a field is sought. Therefore, it employs the subfunction "getFieldValue" using the methodName as the fieldName. If you do not want to use this feature, then employ the subfunction "invokeStrict" instead.
Returns the result of the method invocation or null.
beanName Mandatory, name of a registered bean on which the method (function) should get invoked.
methodName Mandatory, name of the method which should get invoked. methodName is not case sensitive!
arg # 1 Argument # 1 (if given).
... arg # n Argument # n (if given).
"invokeStrict" Invokes (calls) the method with the given arguments on the bean. The case of the characters of the method name must match exactly. Each Rexx argument must be preceeded by its Java type.
Returns the result of the method invocation or null.
beanName Mandatory, name of a registered bean on which the method (function) should get invoked.
methodName Mandatory, case sensitive name of the method which should get invoked.
typeIndicator # 1 Type indicator for argument # 1 (if given).
arg # 1 The argument # 1 itself (if given).
Any additional arguments must be given in pairs of "typeIndicator" and "arg" as well.
"lookupBean" Looks up an object in the BSF manager object registry. (Allows for retrieving pre-declared beans as well.)
Returns the object or null, if not found.
beanName Mandatory, name of the object to be looked up. Returns the object rendered to a string or null, if not found.
"pollEventText" Polls for the eventText defined in the above subfunction "addEventListener" placed into a queue by the appropriate event listeners, or posted via "postEventText" below.
If no timeout value is supplied, "0" will be used by default, which blocks the return of this function (forever) until some text is available for return.
Returns available eventText, or if a timeout occurred while waiting null.
timeOut Optional, timeout in milliseconds, i.e. time to wait for an eventText to appear, before returning.
"postEventText" Adds eventText to the eventText vector (list), can be retrieved via pollEventText.
Returns the received eventText
eventText Mandatory, text which should be put into the eventText vector.
priority Optional, priority level of eventText, can be one of:

  • "2": high ('alarm level') priority.
  • "1": normal (default) priority, and
  • "0": low ('batch level') priority,
"registerBean" or
"new" (a synonym)
Creates a new object (instantiating the given Java class with the given arguments) and registers it using the given beanName.
Returns beanName (always use this returned beanName for looking up the object in the registry).
beanName Name of the object to be created and registered. if no name is given (empty string or null) then a unique one will be created and returned; the code to create the unique name is the same as the documented "Object.hashCode()":
o.getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(o.hashCode()).
beanType Mandatory, type (Java class name) of the bean (Java object) to be created and registered.
arg # 1 The argument # 1 (if given).
... arg # n The argument # n (if given).
"registerBeanStrict" or
"newStrict" (a synonym)
Creates a new object (instantiating the given Java class with the given arguments) and registers it using the given beanName.
Returns beanName (always use this returned beanName for looking up the object in the registry).
beanName Name of the object to be created and registered. if no name is given (empty string or null) then a unique one will be created and returned; the code to create the unique name is the same as the documented "Object.hashCode()":
o.getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(o.hashCode()).
beanType Mandatory, type (Java class name) of the bean (Java object) to be created and registered.
typeIndicator # 1 Type indicator for argument # 1 (if given).
arg # 1 The argument # 1 (if given).
Any additional arguments must be given in pairs of "typeIndicator" and "arg" as well.
"setFieldValue" Looks up a public field of the registered object and sets it to the argument's value.
Hint: if the field could not be found, this subfunction automatically attempts to employ a setter method (fieldName prepended with the string "set"). If you do not want to use this feature, then employ the subfunction "setFieldValueStrict" instead.
Returns the new value of the field.
beanName Mandatory, name of the object to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, name of the public field of the object.
newValue The new value the field gets set to.
"setFieldValueStrict" Looks up a public field of the registered object and sets it to the argument's value.
Returns the new value of the field.
beanName Mandatory, name of the object to be looked up.
fieldName Mandatory, case sensitive name of the public field of the object.
typeIndicator optional type indicator for the immediately following argument (newValue) or newValue.
newValue The new value the field gets set to. (If this argument is given, then the previous argument is interpreted as a typeIndicator .)
"setPropertyValue" (untested!) Looks up a property of the registered Java Bean object and sets it to the argument's value.
Returns the new value of the property.
beanName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean object to be looked up.
propertyName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean property.
index Mandatory, null, if Java Bean property is not indexed, a valid integer number else.
newValue The new value the property gets set to.
"setPropertyValueStrict" (untested!) Looks up a property of the registered Java Bean object and sets it to the argument's value.
Returns the new value of the property.
beanName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean object to be looked up.
propertyName Mandatory, name of the Java Bean property.
index Mandatory, null, if Java Bean property is not indexed, a valid integer number else.
typeIndicator Type indicator for the immediately following argument (newValue).
newValue The new value the property gets set to.
"setRexxNullString" Sets the field null4Rexx to the string which serves as the representation for null.
  • The Java side will return this value to Rexx to indicate a Java null ("no value"). This conversion is done in method makeString4Rexx(Object o).
  • The Rexx side can use this string for an argument for which no value is supplied. This option is available in addition to the standard Rexx option of just leaving the missing argument empty. The conversion of Rexx arguments to Java is done in #convFromRexx(String type, String value).
newString Mandatory, the new string to be used to indicate a Java null.
"sleep" Sleeps time2sleep seconds before returning.
time2sleep Mandatory, indicates seconds to sleep before returning. time2sleep. The sleeping occurs with an attempted resolution of milliseconds, being calculated like: (long) ((double)time2sleep*1000+0.5d), e.g.
  • 3 (three seconds, 3000 msec),
  • 600 (600 seconds, i.e. 10 minutes, 600000 msec),
  • 0.5 (5/10 second, i.e. half a second, 500 msec),
  • 0.01 (1/100 second, 10 msec),
  • 0.001 (1/1000 second, 1 msec),
  • 0.0005 (rounded up, ie. 1/1000 second, 1 msec),
  • 0.0004 (rounded down, ie. 0/1000 second, 0 msec).

Hint: If available, use Rexx' SysSleep() function instead (it is usually more exact).

"unregisterBean" Unregisters an object from the BSF manager's object registry.
Returns the former beanName of the just unregistered object.
beanName Mandatory, name of bean (Java object) to be unregistered.
"version" Returns the version of this program in the form of "version.YYYYMMMDDD package-name-of-engine info", e.g. "254.20050730 org.rexxla.bsf.engines.rexx (org.apache.bsf)" for IBM's BSF or "254.20050730 org.rexxla.bsf.engines.rexx (org.apache.bsf)" for Apache's BSF.
There exists no argument for this subfunction.
"wrapEnumeration" Wraps the given object up in a EnumerationWrapper-object, allowing Java 1.1 programs to use the methods of the Enumeration interface (the problem: Java 1.1 raises an IllegalAccessException, if accessing methods of inner classes; starting with 1.2 one can come by this bug under program control).
enumerationObject Mandatory, name of a registered enumerationObject (received by Java).

Returns:
A Rexx string or null.
Throws:
org.apache.bsf.BSFException

coerceArgs

java.lang.Object[] coerceArgs(java.lang.Object[] funcArgs,
                              java.lang.Class[] paramTypes)
Coerces the arguments from Rexx to the appropriate Java types.

Parameters:
funcArgs - an Object array (actually the Rexx arguments of type String)
paramTypes - an Class array, containing the Java class objects to which the Rexx arguments have to be converted to
Returns:
an array with the coerced arguments, if successful, null else.

unregisterBean

protected boolean unregisterBean(java.lang.String beanName)
This method allows for unregistering Beans, taking into account reference counters. Only if the reference counter is 0, will the given Bean be unregistered. (2003-01-06, ---rgf)

Parameters:
beanName - name of the Bean to be unregistered
Returns:
returns true, if the Bean exists, false else.

makeString4Rexx

protected java.lang.String makeString4Rexx(java.lang.Object o)
This method determines what String content to return.

Parameters:
o - the object which should get returned as a string to Rexx.
Returns:
a String rendering of the primitive types and String. Otherwise create a unique bean name, register the object under it and return the bean name. If null, then the string of null4Rexx is returned to Rexx.

pp

java.lang.String pp(java.lang.Object o)
'Pretty print': returns string value of supplied object enclosed in square brackets.